Marco: Tom, andiamo a fare un giro fuori Siena questo fine settimana?
Tom: Mi dispiace ma non posso, devo studiare. Lunedì c’è il test di italiano e non ho ancora fatto niente.
Marco: Ma dai... partiamo sabato mattina e torniamo la sera. Domenica hai tutto il tempo per studiare!
Tom: Mmh… Va bene, d’accordo. Dove andiamo?
Marco: Io vorrei visitare un po’ la provincia di Siena. Possiamo scendere a sud e visitare Asciano. So che c’è una bella Abbazia. Poi possiamo passare da Chianciano e pranzare lì.
Tom: A Chianciano ci sono le terme, vero?
Marco: Sì, infatti. Dopo pranzo... possiamo risalire e passare da Pienza, e se facciamo in tempo possiamo fare un salto a Montalcino. Così compriamo anche due bottiglie di Brunello.
Tom: Ok, per me va bene. Ma come ci muoviamo? Io non ho la macchina. Prendi la tua?
Marco: Ma no, prendiamo il treno!
Tom: Il treno? In Italia? Ma nessuno che conosco prende il treno! Tutti dicono che i treni sono lenti, sporchi e sempre in ritardo!?
Marco: Beh, non è sempre così. Per me il treno è un ottimo mezzo di trasporto: posso rilassarmi, lavorare al computer o leggere un libro... Non c’è nessun pericolo anche se piove o fa brutto tempo. E poi arrivo direttamente nel centro delle città. Non ho lo stress di guidare la macchina e non devo pagare niente per il parcheggio. E poi sul treno possiamo portare anche le bici!
Tom: Ma per andare ad Asciano c’è un treno?
Marco: Certo! In Italia ci sono sia gli Eurostar che collegano le grandi città, sia i treni locali che collegano i piccoli centri.
Tom: Va bene, d’accordo! Senti, andiamo alla stazione e ci informiamo sugli orari?
Marco: Ma no! Troviamo tutte le informazioni sul sito internet
This dialogue present within the dialogue present inside the textbook "Italiano all'Università" begins with an invitation made in full harmony with the need to adhere to a positive politeness during the interactional exchange. The protagonists of this dialogue are two boys named Marco and Tom.
In the first sentence Marco says "Tom are we going to take a ride outside Siena this weekend?" we can note the use of the name Tom to increase closeness and increase the difficulty for the other interlocutor to refuse an invitation in which the first person is used in the plural of the verb "to go" as a way to request accomplished with an engaging style as a friendly language register provides and with the use of positive politeness to invite a person.
Tom's reply will be "I'm sorry" but I can't have to study Monday there is the Italian test and I haven't done anything yet. "In this round we see how Tom does not ratify the invitation saying initially in a formal way" I'm sorry " as a classic formula for declining an invitation in line with a linguistic politeness in which one's negative face is valued. Tom continues saying "I must study" as the first element of mitigation useful to respond more appropriately to an invitation made with an engaging style and with with the help of positive politeness, therefore Tom, offering more explanations \ justifications, ratifies the need to grant mitigation elements in order not to charge Marco's need for a positive face too much.
Marco's reply does not ratify Tom's vision of reality and continues with a positive politeness move with the famous exhortative "come on" followed by the explanation of the situation as a way to increase the possibility of obtaining a positive response from the other interlocutor.
In the first sentence Marco says "Tom are we going to take a ride outside Siena this weekend?" we can note the use of the name Tom to increase closeness and increase the difficulty for the other interlocutor to refuse an invitation in which the first person is used in the plural of the verb "to go" as a way to request accomplished with an engaging style as a friendly language register provides and with the use of positive politeness to invite a person.
Tom's reply will be "I'm sorry" but I can't have to study Monday there is the Italian test and I haven't done anything yet. "In this round we see how Tom does not ratify the invitation saying initially in a formal way" I'm sorry " as a classic formula for declining an invitation in line with a linguistic politeness in which one's negative face is valued. Tom continues saying "I must study" as the first element of mitigation useful to respond more appropriately to an invitation made with an engaging style and with with the help of positive politeness, therefore Tom, offering more explanations \ justifications, ratifies the need to grant mitigation elements in order not to charge Marco's need for a positive face too much.
Marco's reply does not ratify Tom's vision of reality and continues with a positive politeness move with the famous exhortative "come on" followed by the explanation of the situation as a way to increase the possibility of obtaining a positive response from the other interlocutor.
By offering a solution to the problem, Marco grants himself the benefits sought by his positive face but at the same time represents a form of threat to the need for autonomy or non-association of the other interlocutor with his use of "negative courtesy".
Tom after a moment of hesitation marked with "mm" ratifies with an "okay" as a way of continuing with the use of negative courtesy, that is to say in this case granting the benefit sought by the other but without wanting to pay costs too high in terms of loss of face for having changed your mind. Tom continues his statement with the question "where are we going?" as a way of speaking in harmony with a standard register after accepting Marco's counter proposal. Marco continues the dialogue with a proposal formulated with the conditional time "I would like" as a way to grant the possibility of not ratifying his proposal by Tom, in other words it is a way to not make Tom's negative face pay too much costs. he may have other travel plans.
Marco's description offers a lot of positive face to Tom because it shows his ability to organize a trip.
Tom replies with a question as a form of non-ratification of the whole and at the same time to grant few benefits to Marco's positive face with the search for additional information elements, which represent strategies to feed the protection of his negative face.
Marco ratifies with "yes, in fact" in broad harmony with the positive politeness because he totally accepts Tom's question and continues his turn as a way to increase his need to obtain benefits for his positive face.Tom ratifies with an "ok for me okay" as a simple ratification in tune with negative politeness strategy. And then there is the request for clarifications to obtain benefits to protect one's negative face within this interaction. Tom explains the situation by saying that he does not have the car with the risk of positive face loss with this statement in front of the interlocutor, then continues with a request such as "take your own" as a way to protect his need for a negative face. inside the organization of this trip.
Marco replies "but not, let's take the train!" in which "but not" is a negation made with a colloquial style to increase the degree of taxation within the possibilities granted by the use of positive politeness to obtain benefits for one's positive face thus avoiding paying too high costs to one's need for a positive face when faced with a request which is a great threat to the need to preserve one's negative face in this case. Basically, Marco does not ratify the notion of "train travel" as a "binding" fact as is the case with the car and prefers a more "satisfactory" means in terms of quality of life as described in the cultural dimensions of Hofstede.
Tom replies with "the train? In Italy?" as a form of reply full of scepticism and non-adherence to Marco's vision of reality. Tom's intent is always to protect his need to protect his negative face to avoid being associated on a journey where he would lose his need to protect his negative face. Tom's explanation serves to contextualize his reply and the use of adjectives are a way of giving reasonable reasons why he intends to preserve his negative face by saying "nobody takes the train, they are slow, dirty and always late". This clear defence of his negative face represents for Marco instead a strong degree of imposition and at the same time a great threat to his need for a positive face since I intend to organize this journey by train.
Tom after a moment of hesitation marked with "mm" ratifies with an "okay" as a way of continuing with the use of negative courtesy, that is to say in this case granting the benefit sought by the other but without wanting to pay costs too high in terms of loss of face for having changed your mind. Tom continues his statement with the question "where are we going?" as a way of speaking in harmony with a standard register after accepting Marco's counter proposal. Marco continues the dialogue with a proposal formulated with the conditional time "I would like" as a way to grant the possibility of not ratifying his proposal by Tom, in other words it is a way to not make Tom's negative face pay too much costs. he may have other travel plans.
Marco's description offers a lot of positive face to Tom because it shows his ability to organize a trip.
Tom replies with a question as a form of non-ratification of the whole and at the same time to grant few benefits to Marco's positive face with the search for additional information elements, which represent strategies to feed the protection of his negative face.
Marco ratifies with "yes, in fact" in broad harmony with the positive politeness because he totally accepts Tom's question and continues his turn as a way to increase his need to obtain benefits for his positive face.Tom ratifies with an "ok for me okay" as a simple ratification in tune with negative politeness strategy. And then there is the request for clarifications to obtain benefits to protect one's negative face within this interaction. Tom explains the situation by saying that he does not have the car with the risk of positive face loss with this statement in front of the interlocutor, then continues with a request such as "take your own" as a way to protect his need for a negative face. inside the organization of this trip.
Marco replies "but not, let's take the train!" in which "but not" is a negation made with a colloquial style to increase the degree of taxation within the possibilities granted by the use of positive politeness to obtain benefits for one's positive face thus avoiding paying too high costs to one's need for a positive face when faced with a request which is a great threat to the need to preserve one's negative face in this case. Basically, Marco does not ratify the notion of "train travel" as a "binding" fact as is the case with the car and prefers a more "satisfactory" means in terms of quality of life as described in the cultural dimensions of Hofstede.
Tom replies with "the train? In Italy?" as a form of reply full of scepticism and non-adherence to Marco's vision of reality. Tom's intent is always to protect his need to protect his negative face to avoid being associated on a journey where he would lose his need to protect his negative face. Tom's explanation serves to contextualize his reply and the use of adjectives are a way of giving reasonable reasons why he intends to preserve his negative face by saying "nobody takes the train, they are slow, dirty and always late". This clear defence of his negative face represents for Marco instead a strong degree of imposition and at the same time a great threat to his need for a positive face since I intend to organize this journey by train.
Marco replies "well, it is not always the case" as a way to ratify with the abbreviation of "good" and "it is not always the case" as a qualified form of sceptical response to question Tom's assertions in order to reduce the costs incurred to the positive side of Marco after this reply by Tom. Marco continues by stating that the train is "for me it is excellent" with the use of an adjective to confer again interactions benefits to his need for a positive face and the explanation allows to mitigate Tom's vision by offering a different vision of the journey, that is the train as a relaxing way of travelling and therefore a way to adhere to a "satisfied" and non-binding cultural dimension as the car offers. The quality of the train journey is the way to increase the benefits to his need for a positive face while Tom's questions aim to preserve his negative face in the face of a new experience such as taking the train to make a journey short that would have been more convenient for Tom to do by car without having to "bother" the train, which represents a threat to his need to protect himself from unknown things.
Marco: "certain" as an adverb in tune with the use of positive courtesy and later accompanied by a description of reality as a way to qualify his answer to obtain benefits in terms of a positive face due to having proposed the organization of the trip.
Tom grants his agreement in harmony this time with a positive courtesy style and then continues with the questions to obtain elements of reassurance on the organization of the trip.
Marco: "certain" as an adverb in tune with the use of positive courtesy and later accompanied by a description of reality as a way to qualify his answer to obtain benefits in terms of a positive face due to having proposed the organization of the trip.
Tom grants his agreement in harmony this time with a positive courtesy style and then continues with the questions to obtain elements of reassurance on the organization of the trip.
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